The rufous soft-furred spiny-rat (Diplomys labilis), known as ratón espinoso meaning "spiny" or "thorny" rat in Spanish, is a species of rodent in the family Echimyidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama. In November 2015, it was spotted for the first time in Osa, Costa Rica by the Costa Rican researcher Jim Córdoba-Alfaro.