The Downy Woodpecker, Dryobates pubescens, is a small species of woodpecker that is very common in Western New York. They have a straight, chisel-like bill, blocky head, wide shoulders, and straight-backed posture. Their appearance gives a checkered black-and-white impression. The black upperparts are checkered with white on the wings, the head is boldly striped, and the back has a broad white stripe down the center. Males have a small red patch on the back of the head. The outer tail feathers are typically white with a few black spots. They are most often confused with hairy Woodpeckers, which are larger in size and have a longer, heavier bill. A good identification trick is to compare the length of the bill to the head. If the bill is less than half the length of the head, the bird is likely a Downy. If it is longer than that, it is likely a Hairy.